Pump.



N6. 639.8711. Patented Dec. 26, I899. w. F. SMITH.

PUMP.

(Application filed Mar. 29, 1899.) (No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet l.

THE "cams PETERS co. PHOYCMJTNQ, WASHINGTON, nv c.

Patented Dec. 26, I899.

W. F. SMITH.

P U "I P (Application filed Mar. 29, 1899.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2. i

(-No Model.)

OTO umol msnmemu. n. c.

lllllll UNITED STATES WVILLIAM F. SMITH, OF MAOKSBURG PATENT OFFICE.

, OHIO, ASSIGN OR OF SEVEN-EIGHTHS TO SAMUEL B. LON GFELLOW, ROBERTSTEPHENS, AND OSCAR C. WIL- LIAMS, OF SAME PLACE.

PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 639,870, datedDecember 6, 8 9- Application filed March 29, 1899. Serial No. 710,879.(No model.)

T at whom, it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM F. SMITH, of Macksburg, in the county ofWashington and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Pumps; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon,

10 which form a part of this specification.

This invention embraces a novel construction in force-pumps, and has forits objects to simplify the construction of such pumps and increasetheir eficiency.

I5 The invention consists in the matters hereinaftersetforth, and moreparticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a pump embodying oneform of my invention. Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof with theoperative partsin changed position. Fig. 3 is a plan section taken online 3 3 of Fig. 1. Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are longitudinal sections of thecylinder, taken on line 4 4 of Fig. 3, said figures showing the cylinderin three positions in its rotation about the shaft. Fig. 7 is across-section taken through the cylinder on line 7 7 of Fig. 4.

As shown insaid drawings, A designates a 0 pump-cylinder, and B ahorizontal stationary shaft upon which said cylinder is pivoted andabout which it rotates as an axis. 0 designates a piston within saidcylinder, 0 a piston-rod connected with said piston, and D a 3 5crank-arm which is connected at its outer end with the outer end of thepiston-rod by means of a pivot-pin (1, said crank being attached to arotary shaft D, which is adapted to be rotated by means of a crank orhandle D Said rotary shaft D isarranged parallel with the shaft B andslightly out of line therewith or eccentric thereto. With thisconstruction the axis of rotation of the crank-arm D is eccentric to theaxis of rotation of the cylinder A, so that when said crank is rotatedit serves not only to rotate the cylinder, but to give reciprocatorymovement to the piston Within said cylinder, the length of the strokebeing determined by the eccentricity of the shaft D to the shaft B. 7

The shaft Bis mounted upon the upper end of a standard E, while theshaft D has rotative bearing in a suitable sleeve E,attached to theupper end of a standard E Both of said standards E and- E are mounted onthe opposite ends of asuitable base-casting E The upper end of thestandard E has the form of a two-part bearing, thereby permitting theshaft B and the attached cylinder to be removed when desired. The shaftB is provided on opposite sides of the bearing, at the upper end of thestandard E, with two flanges 12 b,which serve to hold the same fromlengthwise movement in said bearing. Said cylinder is held in place onsaid shaft between nuts b which are screw-threaded on the outer end ofthe shaft, and the adjacent flange b.

The outer end of the cylinder A, through which the piston-rod extends,is made removable for the purpose of inserting the piston therein, saidouter end of the cylinder being herein shown as made in the form of acap and having screw-threaded engagement with the exterior wall of thecylinder. Said cap is provided with the usual stuffing-box A whichafiords a fluid-tight joint between the same and the piston-rod.

So far as the features of my invention just described are concerned anysuitable form of valve mechanism may be employed. As a further andseparate improvement I propose to employ in connection with this featureof the invention, orin connection With any pump embracing a cylinder anda reciprocating piston, a positively-actuated valve or valves operatedby connection with a movable part of the pump. Such constructionembraces in the instance illustrated a port or ports communicating withthe interior of the cylinder and a part provided with ports communicat-9o ing, respectively, with the outlet and discharge passages of thepumps, said last-mentioned part and cylinder having relative rotation,whereby the cylinder port or ports may have alternate communication withthe inlet 5 and discharge ports, respectively. Referring now to saidillustrated form of this feature of my invention, these parts are madeas follows: As herein shown, the cylinder port or ports are located in acylindric opening in the I00 end wall of the cylinder, which constitutesa seat or hearing for the shaft B, about which the cylinder rotates, andthe outlet and inlet ports are located in the part of said shaftcontained within said opening. The stationary shaft Bis provided withtwo longitudinal passages B' Biwhich extend from the outer end thereofto a point adjacent to its inner end. Said passages are connected attheir outer ends with two passages B Bflwhich are formed in an integraltransverse portion of said shaft and to which are adapted to beconnected detachable pipes B B, which lead, respectively, to the vesselto be emptied and to the point to which the fluid is to be forced. Saidshaft B is provided adjacent to its inner end with two ports 12 blocated on opposite sides thereof, which are in communication at theirinner sides with the passages B 13 respectively, and open at their outersides in the outer surface of the shaft. Said ports are separated by apartition 13 which is made of a length, longitudinally of the shaft,equal to the width of the ports.

As herein shown, the transverse cylindric opening within which the shaftB has bearing is formed in a sleeve A at the inner end of the cylinder.Said cylinder is provided atits inner end with a porta, which leads fromsaid inner end to the interior of the sleeve portion A and is providedat its outer end with a second port a, which communicates through anindirect passage a formed in the exterior wall of the cylinder,longitudinally thereof, with the interior of said sleeve through a porta which opens into said sleeve at a point diametrically opposite theport a. Said ports a and a when the cylinder is in place on the shaft Bare located in the plane of said shaft-ports, and the arrangement issuch that when the port a is in communication with the port I) the porta will be in communication with the port 12 The partition B between theports 11 b of the stationary shaft B is of such width as to fit closelyupon the cylindric interior walls of the sleeve and is curved at itsmargins to conform to said interior surface of the sleeve. Saidpartition is made of greater width at its margins than the diameter ofthe ports a a so that when it covers said ports it will slightly overlapat each side thereof, and thereby prevent the fluid from passingdirectly from the port a to the port 00", and vice versa. Thearrangement of the ports obviously constitutes, in eifect, a valve whichis positively actuated by connection with a moving part of the pump.Suitable packing is interposed between the sleeve and the flange b atone end and the nut 19 at the other end to afford fluid-tight jointsbetween said parts.

The operation of a pump constructed as thus described is as follows: Asthe pump is shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4 the piston occupies the outer endof the cylinder and the partition B is in position to cover bothcylinderports a a so that communication between the intake and outletpassages and the cylinder is out off. Upon rotating the cylinder to theright the ports a a will move away from the partition B to oppositesides thereof, thereby opening the port Ct through the port 11 to thepassage 13 which in this instance is the outlet-passage, and the port athrough the port Z2 to the intake-passage B. The same movement whichrotates the cylinder also moves the piston O inwardly, owing to theeccentricity of the axis of rotation of the crank-arm to that of thecylinder, so that the fluid is forced from the cylinder through the porta and b to the passage B and outwardly from thence through theoutlet-pipe B. At the same time the vacuum created in the cylinderbehind the piston will cause the fluid to fill the cylinder behind thepiston through the passage B, the ports 12 a the passage a and the porta. v

In Fig. 5 the piston is shown at the middle ofits stroke, and in Fig. 6said piston is shown at the limit of its inward stroke, at which lattertime the cylinder,-in the organization herein illustrated, will occupy avertical position below the shaft B, as shown in Fig. 6. Said Figs. 4:,5, and 6 show, progressively, three relative positions of the ports inonehalf of a rotation of the crank-shaft. Upon further rotation of thecylinder from the position shown in Fig. 6 the piston will moveoutwardly and force the fluid behind the same outward through the porta, passage of, ports a and b to the passage B and thence outwardlythrough the pipe B, while the cylinder in front of the piston will befilled through the passage B and ports b and a. It will thus be seenthat practically a constant stream will be forced from the pump, theonly interruption of such stream being at the time the piston ischanging its direction of travel at each end of the cylinder.

Said pump may be used to force a fluid through either of the passages BB it being evident that a reversal of the rotation of the cylinder willreverse the direction of movement of the fluid through the pump. This isan important feature of my invention, as it enables the pump to be usedas an aspirator where it is desirable to force a liquid into a part andimmediately remove it therefrom, such removal being accomplished byreversing the direction of the rotation of the cylinder.

It will be evident from the foregoing description that my improvementmay be applied to a single-acting pump with the same advantages as to adouble-acting pump. In such case the external passage 0. and itscommunicating ports will be omitted; but the other parts of the pumpwill remain the same as herein illustrated and above described.Moreover, the relative movement between the shaft and cylinder to bringthe ports into proper relation during the operation of the pump may beaccomplished by actual movement of either of said parts, and thearrangement and location of the parts may be varied so long as theproper relation between the cylinder and outlet and inlet ports ispreserved.

A pump made in accordance with my invention is very simple in itsoperation and economical to manufacture and at the same time possessesthe greatest degree, of eificiency. The greater efliciency of the pumpis due to the fact that it has no lift-valves, which are employed inforce-pumps heretofore devised, which valves, as is well known, requiresome force to lift them, get easily out of order, and occasionconsiderable trouble as well as expense.

Furthermore, the pump herein describedis capable when used forexhausting gasesas, for instance,when employed as an air-pump ofproducing a more perfect vacuum in the receiver,for the reason thatthere are no valves which require pressure to raise,so that greaterexpansion of the air is possible than where it is necessary that aportion of the force of the expanding air be exerted to raise the valve.For a like reason the pump is capable of more efficient work for pumpingheated or volatile liquids containing a large proportion of gaseousvapors or steam and obviates the difficulty heretofore experienced inpumps at present in use for said purpose.

Moreover, the pump herein described is especially valuable for pumpingheavy liquids containing a residue of adhesive matter-as, for instance,crude oilas there are no pressure or self-acting valves to becomeclogged and liable to stick to their seats;

I claim as my invention 1. A double-acting pump comprising a cylinder, areciprocating piston therein, said cylinder being provided in its innerend with an annular opening having its axis disposed perpendicularly tothe longitudinal axis of the cylinder, said cylinder being provided withtwo ports which lead from the opposite ends thereof and open into theopposite sides of said annular opening, a shaft seated in said annularopening provided with two separated ports having communicationrespectively with the outlet and inlet passages of the pump, and meansfor giving relative rotation to said cylinder and shaft for bringingsaid cylinder-ports into alternate commnnication with the shaft-ports.

2. A double-acting pump comprising a cylinder, a reciprocating pistontherein,said cylinder being provided in said wall with an annularopening having its axis disposed perpendicularly to the longitudinalaxis of the cylinder and provided with two ports which lead from theopposite ends of the cylinder and open into the opposite sides of saidannular opening, said shaft being made solid and provided with separatelongitudinal pas sages constituting the inlet and outlet passages of thepump and being cut away at its opposite sides in its part adjacent tosaid cylinder-ports to provide openings or ports, as b 6 which areseparated by an integral partition, as B and means for giving relativerotation to said shaft and cylinder, to bring said shaft-ports intocommunication with the cylinder-ports.

3. A double-acting pump comprising a cylinder, a reciprocating'pistontherein, said cylinder being provided at its inner end with an annularopening havingits axis disposed perpendicularly to the longitudinal axisof the cylinder and provided also with a port leading from the innerside of said opening to the inner end of the cylinder and with a portleading from the opposite side of said opening and through alongitudinal passage in the side wall of the cylinder to the outer endof said cylinder, a shaft seated in said'annular opening provided withtwo separated ports which have communication respectively with the inletand outlet passages of the pump, and means for giving relative rotationto said cylinder and shaft for bringing said cylinder-ports intoalternate communication with the shaft-ports.

4. A pump comprising a cylinder, a reciprocating piston therein, saidcylinder being provided at its inner end with an annular opening theaxis of which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder,a shaft seated in said opening provided with ports which communicaterespectively with the in= let and outlet passages of the pump, a stand=ard provided at its upper end withatwo-part bearing within which saidshaft is seated, a second standard, a rotative shaft eccentric to saidfirst-mentioned shaft seated in the upper end of said second standard,and an arm on said rotative shaft connected with the piston-rod, saidcylinder being closed at its outer end bya removable cap through whichthe piston-rod extends.

ICC

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I affix mysignature, in presence of two witnesses, this 2d day of March, A. D.1899.

l/VILLIAM F. SMITH.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM L. HALL, O. W. HILLS.

